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Judith Merril was one of the most influential American science fiction reviewers and editors of the 1960s. She introduced and championed the writers, works and revolutionary aesthetics of the British New Wave in North American, transforming the genre in the process.

In The Merril Theory of Lit’ry Criticism: Judith Merril’s Nonfiction, part of Aqueduct Press' Heirloom series, editor Ritch Calvin has brought together a number of works that illustrate the evolution of Merril's critical theory: review columns, anthology introductions, and other selected essays.

Calvin's introduction to the collection, which he titles "Introduction: The SF Aesthetics of Judith Merril," is in fact an essay that sums up the key aspects of Merril's thinking about science fiction - which she often referred to as science fantasy - as a mature theory of criticism. The essays of Merril collected in the volume show the development of that theory through her ongoing examination of the works of sff writers over the years. They also, as Calvin notes, offer

"...a history of SF, SF authors and editors, and SF publishing. In her reviews, introductions, and tributes, she chronicles the lives and work of many prominent and lesser known figures. She details the lives and deaths of a number of writers and editors. And she recounts the developments within the field as they happened. Over a period of twelve years, we get yearly, and sometimes monthly, updates on who is publishing, what is being written, and how the field is changing."

Reading through the introductions - the earliest of which is for the first edition of SF: The Year's Greatest Science Fiction and Fantasy, published in 1956, is indeed very much a journey through history. As I read her discussions of the authors and works included in these volumes - some of the names still well-known, others barely remembered - I found myself transported back in time, to the memories of the child reading all the sff books she could find in her local library, spending her precious allowance on sff monthly magazines and the occasional new book she found in the carousel bookstands that used to grace variety, department and grocery stores.

I'm grateful to these reminders of the past, to have brought back to mind stories and authors whose works are rarely in the "Best SF Short Stories" anthologies that pick a topic or a decade and republish the great stories that are always republished. I'm also happy to be learning about authors whose work I somehow never encountered as a child - in the hopes that I may some day find an online repository where I can read them now.

A wonderful book for anyone interested in learning about, or revisiting, the history of the genre.

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One of the few 1950s era novels dealing with the immediate consequences of nuclear war that was written by a woman and from the perspective of a female protagonist.

Reading a '50s novel that's written from the perspective of an ordinary '50s suburban housewife is a very strange thing in 2014. So much has changed, especially for women. And yet so much is familiar. Many developments in the novel that come in the wake of a surprise attack on American soil, such as the persecution of immigrants who've been in the country for years, eerily parallels recent events in the US.

It was difficult to read about the struggles of women who had so little practical knowledge and experience of anything outside home and family to make sense of what's happening to them - even though I'm old enough to remember when that was true for many middle class married women. And yet the subtle pervasiveness of sexual threat, both from strangers in lawless and desperate times, and from the men placed in charge of a frightened and helpless population, was unhappily too familiar still. Merril captures the protagonist's transition from confused and helpless suburban wife and mother to a survivor with the strength to deal with privation and illness with skill.

C. L. Moore and Leigh Brackett also wrote dystopic/post-apocalyptic novels in the 50s (Doomsday Morning and The Long Tomorrow) and I don't remember ever reading either one. I think I might hunt them down and check them out. Andre Norton also wrote several post-apocalyptic novels - Star Man's Son is the one that leaps immediately to mind but I think there were othets as well. Might be interesting to re-read those as well.

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